{"id":20258,"date":"2022-01-21T09:18:10","date_gmt":"2022-01-21T09:18:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fourth.donausoja.org\/organisation\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\/"},"modified":"2023-06-14T11:52:00","modified_gmt":"2023-06-14T11:52:00","slug":"dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.donausoja.org\/sr\/organisation\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\/","title":{"rendered":"Dunav Soja Strategija za protein"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Donau Soja strategija za snabdevanje proteinima<\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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Sveukupni cilj Donau Soje je odr\u017eivo i bezbedno snabdevanje proteinima u Evropi<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Razvoj proizvodnje soje u Evropi je deo \u0161ire promene na\u010dina na koje proizvodimo i koristimo protein. Dalekose\u017ene posledice proizvodnje i kori\u0161\u0107enja proteina su sada u fokusu javne debate.<\/p>\n

Nadovezuju\u0107i se na Europe Soya deklaraciju, Donau Soja je razvila Donau Soja strategiju za protein kao na\u010din da doprinese javnoj debati u ime svih svojih \u010dlanica. Strategija po\u010diva na holisti\u010dkom i nau\u010dnom razumevanju uloge proteina u odr\u017eivom razvoju poljoprivredno-prehrambenih sistema.<\/p>\n

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Nau\u010dni savetodavni odbor Donau Soje je konsultovan na temu prvog nacrta pre nego \u0161to je upu\u0107en na razmatranje Odboru Donau Soje. Odbor je zatim izdao revidiran nacrt koji je poslat svim \u010dlanicama uz poziv da po\u0161alju svoje komentare.<\/p>\n

Svi pristigli komentari su razmotreni tokom rada na zavr\u0161etku dokumenta i strategija je jednoglasno usvojena na sednici Generalne skup\u0161tine Donau Soje aprila 2018. godine.<\/p>\n

Strategija tako prenosi mo\u0107an stav poljoprivredno-prehrambenog sektora, koji Donau Soja predstavlja, na temu posve\u0107enosti podr\u0161ci dubokih promena.<\/p>\n

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izazovi snadbevanja proteinima u Evropi<\/h2>\n

–<\/h2>\n

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Usled prirode klime i zemlji\u0161ta, mnogi proizvo\u0111a\u010di u Evropi su izvanredno dobri u uzgoju \u017eitarica poput p\u0161enice, je\u010dma i kukuruza. To podr\u017eava proizvodnju velikih koli\u010dina \u017eitarica bogatih ugljenim hidratima koje se uglavnom koriste za sto\u010dnu ishranu.<\/p>\n

Proizvodni poljoprivredni sistem Evropske unije se oslanja na dva glavna ulaza: oko 11 miliona tona sinteti\u010dkog azotnog \u0111ubriva za useve, te visoko-proteinsku sojinu sa\u010dmu kao proteinskog dodatka u sto\u010dnoj hrani, napravljenu od oko 36 miliona tona soje. Porast tra\u017enje u Evropi za biljnim proteinima u proteklih 60 godina javio se uglavnom kao posledica pove\u0107ane proizvodnje i potro\u0161nje mesa i mle\u010dnih proizvoda.<\/p>\n

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Nakon Kine, Evropska unija je sada drugi najve\u0107i uvoznik soje iz Ju\u017ene Amerike. I dok je poljoprivredni sistem Evropske unije kao celina 71% samodovoljan u tr\u017ei\u0161nim biljnim proteinima, 86% biljnih proteina koji se uvoze radi pokrivanja 29% deficita je soja. Ovaj proteinski deficit je temeljni izazov za pove\u0107ane otpornosti i performansi na\u0161eg poljoprivredno-prehrambenog sistema, kao i izazov proizvodnje proteina u Evropi.<\/p>\n

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Odgovor na izazove snadbevanja proteinima u Evropi<\/strong><\/h1>\n

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Za suo\u010davanje sa izazovima proizvodnje proteina u Evropi potreban je holisti\u010dki pristup i kreiranje Proteinske tranzicije. Sistemska promena koju to zahteva mo\u017ee se sagledati u pet stubova:<\/p>\n

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Izazovi proizvodnje proteina su globalnog karaktera. Iako je od vitalnog zna\u010daja da Evropa predvodi promenu sistema, potrebna nam je Kina na na\u0161oj strani. \u010cak i uz zna\u010dajne promene u poljoprivredi, Evropa \u0107e vrlo verovatno morati da uvozi proteine biljnog porekla iz tradicionalno izvoznih regiona. Me\u0111utim, potrebno je da se usmerimo na uvoz sertifikovanih proizvoda iz regiona i sistema koji su temeljno validirani u skladu sa strogim dru\u0161tvenim i standardima za\u0161tite okoline. Tako\u0111e, moramo blisko da sara\u0111ujemo sa Kinom kako bi obezbedili globalnu promenu te\u017ei\u0161ta u pravcu vi\u0161e odr\u017eive proizvodnje proteina. Upravo na\u0161i trenutni sistemi uzgajanja i prerade hrane imaju najve\u0107i uticaj na azotni ciklus. Proizvodnja i potro\u0161nja proteina su glavni pokreta\u010di emisija gasova staklene ba\u0161te. Zaga\u0111enje azotom i amonijakom u vazduhu i vodi, zajedno sa gubitkom prirodnih stani\u0161ta i biodiverziteta, mogu se re\u0161avati globalnom promenom kursa ka vi\u0161e odr\u017eivoj proizvodnji proteina koja se posti\u017ee zadovoljavanjem standarda odgovorne proizvodnje i trgovine. To je oblast u kojoj Evropa i Kina mogu zajedno da rade u pravcu pokretanja globalne promene.<\/p>\n

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Gubimo mnoge agronomske dobrobiti i prednosti za \u010dovekovu okolinu usled niskog u\u010de\u0161\u0107a zasada mahunarki. Pove\u0107anje proizvodnje mahunarki u Evropi \u0107e doneti \u010ditav niz dobrobiti i smanjiti proteinski deficit. U Evropi naro\u010dito, mahunarke \u0107e pove\u0107ati raznovrsnost useva i podr\u017eati insekte opra\u0161iva\u010de. Azotna \u0111ubriva su nepotrebna, jer mahunarke apsorbuju azot iz vazduha. One neutrali\u0161u pojavu bolesti, \u0161teto\u010dina i korova u rotaciji useva koja je zasnovana na \u017eitaricama time \u0161to su biolo\u0161ki veoma druga\u010dije od \u017eitarica. Uop\u0161te uzev\u0161i, nedostatak raznovrsnosti useva je u vezi sa stagnacijom u prinosu useva i vi\u0161im tro\u0161kovima, jer na\u0161i primarni usevi podle\u017eu pojavi vi\u0161e korova, \u0161teto\u010dina i bolesti. Evropski proizvo\u0111a\u010di mogu da odgovore na poja\u010danu tra\u017enju za proteino biljnog porekla koji je proizveden u Evropi prema visokim dru\u0161tvenim i standardima za\u0161tite okoline, te da istovremeno odgovore na rastu\u0107u tra\u017enju za BEZ GMO proizvodima i regionalnim\/lokalnim lancima vrednosti. Industrija mo\u017ee da kolektivno postavi standarde za sve izvore proteina i najavi podr\u0161ku za odr\u017eivu proizvodnju. Najve\u0107i potencijal za unapre\u0111enje sistema uzgajanja kori\u0161\u0107enjem mahunarki le\u017ei u Centralnoj i Isto\u010dnoj Evropi. Kao rezultat, deo trans-atlantske trgovine bi bio zamenjen snabdevanjem sa Istoka na Zapad unutar Evrope, \u010dime bi se pomoglo i u smanjenju dru\u0161tvenih i ekonomskih razlika unutar EU, te ohrabrio regionalni razvoj u onim oblastima koje su sada ugro\u017eena ruralna podru\u010dja. I u Zapadnoj Evropi postoji potencijal za pove\u0107anje proizvodnje mahunarki, bez smanjenja proizvodnje \u017eitarica i uljarica, usled dobrobiti u prinosu koje donosi rotacija useva.<\/p>\n

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Biljke su daleko najva\u017eniji primarni izvor proteina. Iako se nusproizvodi poput sa\u010dme od uljane repice, suncokretovog bra\u0161na i destilovana osu\u0161ena zrna \u017eitarica ve\u0107 koriste u industriji sto\u010dne hrane, i dalje postoje prilike za bolje iskori\u0161tavanje poljoprivrednih ostataka u ishrani \u017eivotinja. Povrh toga, u mnogim delovima Evrope na\u0161i sistemi proizvodnje zasnovani na pa\u0161njacima bi mogli bolje da iskoriste travu i visoko-proteinske vrste poput deteline (mahunarka) u cilju smanjenja kori\u0161\u0107enja soje. Usevi koji se koriste za sto\u010dnu hranu, kao \u0161to je lucarka su tako\u0111e izvori proteina. Postoje i potencijalne prilike za proizvodnju proteina u oblastima kao \u0161to je uzgoj algi.<\/p>\n

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Bolja uskla\u0111enost ishrane stoke sa njenim potrebama za proteinima \u0161tedi protein i smanjuje zaga\u0111enje umanjenim izlu\u010divanjem azotnih jedinjenja. Ovim se mo\u017ee zna\u010dajno doprineti uskla\u0111enosti proizvo\u0111a\u010da sa sistemima za \u0111ubrenje koji se zasnivaju uravnote\u017eenim hranljivim sastojcima. Protein je obi\u010dno skup sastojak sto\u010dne hrane, stoga preciznija ishrana tako\u0111e mo\u017ee da smanji tro\u0161kove proizvodnje.<\/p>\n

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Opseg izazova u proizvodnji proteina u Evropi je ponajvi\u0161e odre\u0111en koli\u010dinom sto\u010darskih proizvoda koji se proizvode i konzumiraju. Ljudska ishrana koja se vi\u0161e zasniva na proteinima biljnog porekla, naro\u010dito iz mahunarki i soje, je zdravija i odr\u017eivija u pore\u0111enju sa tipi\u010dnim na\u010dinom ishrane dana\u0161njih potro\u0161a\u010da u EU. Veliki deo stanovni\u0161tva tro\u0161i vi\u0161e mesa i mle\u010dnih proizvoda nego \u0161to se to preporu\u010duje u zdravoj ishrani. To ima dalekose\u017ene posledice, jer zahteva postojanje velikog sto\u010darskog sektora. Najve\u0107i deo azota u biljnim proteinima kojima se hrani stoka se izlu\u010duje i primarni je uzrok poljoprivrednog zaga\u0111enja vazduha i vode. Uticaj na \u017eivotnu sredinu je naro\u010dito izra\u017een u regionima gde postoji koncentracija sto\u010darske proizvodnje. Smanjenjem potro\u0161nje \u017eivotinjskih proizvoda na razuman nivo, uz prate\u0107e smanjenje sto\u010darske proizvodnje, postigle bi se bolje performanse na\u0161eg poljoprivredno-prehrambenog sistema u smislu zdravlja ljudi, \u010dovekove okoline i kori\u0161\u0107enja zemlji\u0161ta.<\/p>\n

Nastavite na Dunav Soja i Evropska Soja deklaracije <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

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Preuzmite Donau Soja strategiju za Evropu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

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The Protein Challenge is global. Although is vital that Europe leads this system change, we need China at our side. Even with a significant agricultural shift, Europe is still likely to need to import plant protein from traditional exporting regions. However, we must switch to importing certified products from regions and systems which are thoroughly validated according to stringent environmental and social standards. We must also collaborate closely with China to ensure a global shift towards more sustainable protein production. It is our current farming and food systems which have the greatest impact on the nitrogen cycle. The production and consumption of protein are major drivers of greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrate and ammonia pollution in the air and water, paired with a loss of natural habitats and biodiversity, can only be addressed by a global shift to more sustainable protein production, achieved by meeting responsible production and trade standards. It is here that Europe and China can work together to drive global change.<\/span><\/p>\n

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We forfeit many agronomic benefits and environmental advantages because of low levels of legume planting. Increasing grain legume production in Europe will bring a wide range of advantages and reduce the protein deficit. In Europe in particular, grain legumes will increase crop diversity and support pollinating insects. Nitrogen fertiliser is unnecessary as legumes absorb nitrogen from the air. They counter the build-up of disease, pests and weeds in cereal-based crop rotations by being biologically very different to cereals. Overall, a general lack of crop diversity is associated with stagnation in crop yields and higher costs, as our primary crops succumb to more weeds, pests and diseases. European farmers can respond to the increased demand for plant protein produced in Europe to high environmental and social standards, and simultaneously meet the growing demand for non-GMO products and regional\/local value chains. The industry can collectively set standards for all protein sources and signal support for sustainable production. The greatest potential for improving cropping systems using grain legumes lies in Central and Eastern Europe. As a result, transatlantic trade would be partly replaced by east-to-west sourcing within Europe, helping to reduce social and economic disparities within the EU, and encourage regional development in what are currently deprived rural areas. In western Europe there is also potential to increase grain legume production without displacing cereal and oilseed production, due to the yield benefits of crop rotations.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Plants are by far the most important primary source of protein. While co-products such as rapeseed meal, sunflower seed meal and distillers\u2019 dried grains are already used by the feed industry, there remain opportunities for better use of agri-food residues in livestock feeding. Additionally, in many areas of Europe our grassland-based production systems could make better use of grass and high-protein grassland species such as clover (a legume) to reduce soya use. Forage crops such as alfalfa are also protein sources. There are also potential opportunities for protein production in fields such as algae culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Better matching of livestock diets to livestock protein requirements saves protein and reduces pollution by reducing the excretion of nitrogen compounds. This can make a significant contribution to farmers\u2019 compliance with nutrient balance-based fertiliser management systems. Protein is usually an expensive component of feeds, hence more precise feeding can also reduce production costs.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Healthier and more sustainable diets” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” body_link_text_color=”#089BD9″ global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n

The scope of the European Protein Challenge is largely determined by the quantity of livestock products which are consumed and produced. Human diets which rely more on plant-based protein, especially pulses and soya, are healthier and more sustainable compared to the typical diet of EU consumers today. A large proportion of the population consumes more meat and dairy products than recommended for a healthy diet. This has far-reaching consequences because it requires a large livestock sector. Most of the nitrogen in the plant protein consumed by these livestock is excreted and is the primary cause of agricultural pollution of the air and water. The environmental impact is particularly significant where livestock production is regionally concentrated. Reducing the consumption of animal products to a reasonable level, with a corresponding reduction in livestock production, would improve the performance of our agri-food system in terms of human health, the environment and land use.<\/span><\/p>\n

Find more information from the European Plant-Based Foods Association, ENSA here<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

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Nastavite na Donau Soja i Europe Soya deklaracije \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n

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Donau Soja strategija za snabdevanje proteinima Sveukupni cilj Donau Soje je odr\u017eivo i bezbedno snabdevanje proteinima u EvropiRazvoj proizvodnje soje u Evropi je deo \u0161ire promene na\u010dina na koje proizvodimo i koristimo protein. Dalekose\u017ene posledice proizvodnje i kori\u0161\u0107enja proteina su sada u fokusu javne debate. Nadovezuju\u0107i se na Europe Soya deklaraciju, Donau Soja je razvila […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":483,"parent":20243,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20258","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nDunav Soja Strategija za protein - Donau Soja<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The development of soya production in Europe is part of a wider change in how we produce and use protein.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.donausoja.org\/sr\/organisation\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dunav Soja Strategija za protein - Donau Soja\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The development of soya production in Europe is part of a wider change in how we produce and use protein.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.donausoja.org\/sr\/organisation\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Donau Soja\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-14T11:52:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.donausoja.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/european-protein-strategy.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"452\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u045a\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dunav Soja Strategija za protein - Donau Soja\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/european-protein-strategy.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-21T09:18:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-14T11:52:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"The development of soya production in Europe is part of a wider change in how we produce and use protein.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sr-RS\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sr-RS\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/european-protein-strategy.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/european-protein-strategy.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":452},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/dunav-soja-strategija-za-protein\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Organizacija\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/organisation\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Dunav Soja Strategija za protein\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donausoja.org\\\/sr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Donau Soja\",\"description\":\"Together for a European Protein Supply: Regional. 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